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Outpatient medication dispensing and counselling practices in hospital pharmacy settings: a theory informed, mixed methods study

  • At: PPR SIG 2021 (2021)
  • Type: Digital
  • By: ABDU-AGUYE, Samirah (Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria., Nigeria)
  • Co-author(s): Abdu-Aguye S.N, Labaran K.S, Danjuma N.M & Mohammed S. Affiliations: 1. Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 2. Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 3. Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
  • Abstract:

    Introduction

    Medication dispensing and counselling are routine but important tasks carried out within pharmacy settings, that are linked to the optimal use of medication by patients. Assessing the structures, processes and outcomes associated with these tasks are important steps in evaluating the quality of services provided and identifying areas for improvement.

    Objectives

    The aim of this work was to describe outpatient medication dispensing and counselling practices in selected hospital pharmacies located within North-Western Nigeria, using the Donabedian model as a conceptual framework.

    Methods

    Mixed methods were used to collect quantitative and qualitative data from 19 outpatient hospital pharmacies located in two North-western Nigerian states from December 2019 to March 2020. To collect data about structures, a survey and key informant interviews with heads of the hospital pharmacies were carried out. An observational study was used to collect data about the processes involved in these tasks, while exit interviews with patients were used to evaluate selected outcomes (patient satisfaction and medication knowledge). Quantitative data collected were coded and analysed to generate descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were transcribed, coded and organized into categories.

    Results

    Over 192 hours of observation were carried out and 782 dispenser-patient interactions observed. Interviews conducted included 684 exit interviews with patients and 12 key-informant interviews with heads of the hospital pharmacies. Problems were observed with the structures (e.g., student involvement in dispensing, absence of standard operating procedures and poor layout of the units), processes (e.g., occurrence of dispensing errors, inadequate provision of medicines information during counselling and dispensing prescriptions without verifying ownership) and outcomes (e.g., inadequate patient knowledge of dispensed medication) associated with medication dispensing and counselling.

    Conclusion

    Several problems were identified with the structures, processes and outcomes associated with medication dispensing and counselling in the outpatient hospital pharmacies studied.

Last update 28 September 2023

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