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Development of a theory-based intervention to improve the medication counselling provided for outpatients in hospital pharmacies located in North-western Nigeria.

  • At: PPR SIG 2021 (2021)
  • Type: Digital
  • By: ABDU-AGUYE, Samirah (Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria, Nigeria)
  • Co-author(s): Abdu-Aguye S.N, Auwal F.I, Labaran K.S, Danjuma N.M & Mohammed S. Affiliations: 1. Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 2. Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria 3. Health Systems and Policy Research Unit, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
  • Abstract:

    Introduction

    While some interventions have been designed to improve medication counselling by pharmacy staff, not many of these interventions are based on evidence-based theoretical frameworks.

    Objectives

    The aim of this study was to develop an intervention using the combined Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) and Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW) methodological frameworks, to be used to improve outpatient medication counselling in hospital pharmacy settings located in north-western Nigeria.

    Methods

    Qualitative interviews with 25 dispensing staff were used to conduct a behavioural analysis to identify problematic areas with respect to medication counselling, and the intervention functions that could be used to improve upon them. Identified intervention functions were then evaluated using the Affordability, Practicability, Effectiveness/cost effectiveness, Acceptability, Side-effects/ safety and Equity (APEASE) criteria to identify the most appropriate intervention functions to be implemented. Behavior Change Techniques (BCTs) that could be used to deliver the selected intervention functions were also identified.

    Results

    Results from the behavioral analysis identified eight out of nine BCW intervention functions as being potential targets for intervention design. However, after the APEASE evaluation, three functions namely: training, environmental restructuring and enablement were selected. Five BCTs were then identified to enable the delivery of these functions. The final intervention consisted of four components: a counselling guide and counselling standard operating procedures which provided dispensing staff with easy access to the information they needed to provide during counselling, and procedures to be followed. Also designed were posters to be displayed in dispensaries targeted at patients, informing them about the importance of counselling and stickers to be placed on medication that could trigger additional counselling.

    Conclusion

    A multicomponent theory-based intervention that was acceptable and perceived to be feasible for use by stakeholders was developed to improve medication counselling within the study setting.

Last update 28 September 2023

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